Colonoscopy is a crucial medical procedure used to examine the inner lining of the colon and rectum. It involves the use of a flexible tube with a camera attached, known as a colonoscope, to detect abnormalities and screen for colorectal conditions.

Procedure Overview: During a colonoscopy, the patient is typically sedated for comfort. The colonoscope is inserted through the rectum and advanced through the entire length of the colon. Real-time images of the colon’s interior are captured, allowing the physician to identify polyps, tumors, inflammation, or other abnormalities.

Indications: Colonoscopy is primarily performed for colorectal cancer screening in individuals over the age of 50, as well as for diagnosing various gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal polyps, diverticulosis, and colorectal cancer.

Benefits: One of the significant benefits of colonoscopy is its effectiveness in detecting colorectal cancer at an early stage when treatment is most successful. Additionally, colonoscopy allows for the removal of precancerous polyps during the procedure, potentially preventing the development of colorectal cancer altogether.

Risks: While colonoscopy is considered safe, there are some risks involved, including bleeding, perforation of the colon, and adverse reactions to sedation. However, these complications are rare and occur in a small percentage of cases.